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1. time 命令基本用法
time 命令最基本的用法,就是 time + 命令 ,比如:
$ time ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (123.125.114.144) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=2.83 ms 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=2.77 ms ………… ^C --- baidu.com ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 8 received, 0% packet loss, time 10818ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.765/2.808/2.862/0.039 ms real 0m11.173s user 0m0.004s sys 0m0.002s
在結(jié)果里,real 表示從我們執(zhí)行 ping 命令到最終按 ctrl+c 終止這段時(shí)間所耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間;user 及 sys 分別表示 ping 命令在用戶空間及內(nèi)核空間所運(yùn)行的時(shí)間。
2. 將時(shí)間信息寫入文件
如果我們想把時(shí)間信息直接寫入到文件,而不是顯示在屏幕上,那么我們可以使用 -o 選項(xiàng),并指定寫入的文件路徑。
$ /usr/bin/time -o /home/alvin/time-output.txt ping baidu.com
執(zhí)行這個(gè)命令后,ping 命令的輸出結(jié)果依然會(huì)在終端里,而 time 命令的結(jié)果就寫入到我們所指定的 time-output.txt 文件里。
-o 選項(xiàng)表示輸出文件不存在就創(chuàng)建,如果存在的話就直接覆蓋重寫。如果我們不想覆蓋重寫,而是想追加在文件后面,我們可以使用 -a 選項(xiàng)。
$ /usr/bin/time -a /home/smart/time-output.txt ping linoxide.com
3. 顯示更詳細(xì)的時(shí)間信息
time 命令不帶選項(xiàng)的話,顯示的信息量比較少,如果我們想獲得更詳細(xì)的信息,那么我們可以使用 -v 選項(xiàng)。
$ /usr/bin/time -v ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (123.125.114.144) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=2.75 ms 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=2.76 ms 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=2.85 ms 64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=2.77 ms ^C --- baidu.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3300ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.751/2.785/2.851/0.075 ms Command being timed: "ping baidu.com" User time (seconds): 0.00 System time (seconds): 0.00 Percent of CPU this job got: 0% Elapsed (wall clock) time (h:mm:ss or m:ss): 0:03.64 Average shared text size (kbytes): 0 Average unshared data size (kbytes): 0 Average stack size (kbytes): 0 Average total size (kbytes): 0 Maximum resident set size (kbytes): 2140 Average resident set size (kbytes): 0 Major (requiring I/O) page faults: 0 Minor (reclaiming a frame) page faults: 626 Voluntary context switches: 10 Involuntary context switches: 0 Swaps: 0 File system inputs: 0 File system outputs: 0 Socket messages sent: 0 Socket messages received: 0 Signals delivered: 0 Page size (bytes): 4096 Exit status: 0
這個(gè)結(jié)果信息就相當(dāng)詳細(xì)了,我們可以獲取到足夠多我們所需要的信息。
4. 自定義輸出格式
默認(rèn)情況下,time 命令只輸出 real,usr,sys 三個(gè)內(nèi)容,如果我們想要個(gè)性化一些,算定義它的輸出格式,time 命令也是支持的。time 命令支持的格式有很多,如下所示:
C - Name and command line arguments used D - Average size of the process's unshared data area in kilobytes E - Elapsed time in a clock format F - Number of page faults I - Number of file system inputs by the process K - Average total memory use of the process in kilobytes M - Maximum resident set the size of the process during the lifetime in Kilobytes O - Number of file system outputs by the process P - Percentage of CPU that the job received R - Number of minor or recoverable page faults S - Total number of CPU seconds used by the system in kernel mode U - Total number of CPU seconds used by user mode W - Number of times the process was swapped out of main memory X - Average amount of shared text in the process Z - System's page size in kilobytes c - Number of times the process was context-switched e - Elapsed real time used by the process in seconds k - Number of signals delivered to the process p - Average unshared stack size of the process in kilobytes r - Number of socket messages received by the process s - Number of socket messages sent by the process t - Average resident set size of the process in kilobytes w - Number of time the process was context-switched voluntarily x - Exit status of the command
如果我們想要輸出以下這樣的格式:
Elapsed Time = 0:01:00, Inputs 2, Outputs 1
我們可以這樣自定義:
$ /usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed Time = %E, Inputs %I, Outputs %O" ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=1.82 ms 64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=1.86 ms ^C --- baidu.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.825/1.859/1.879/0.056 ms Elapsed Time = 0:03.92, Inputs 0, Outputs 0
如果你想讓輸出的結(jié)果有換行,可以在對(duì)應(yīng)的地方添加 \n ,比如:
$ /usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed Time = %E \n Inputs %I \n Outputs %O" ping baidu.com
這樣輸出的結(jié)果就類似于這樣:
Elapsed Time = 0:03.92 Inputs 0 Outputs 0
以上是“Linux中如何進(jìn)行命令運(yùn)行時(shí)間測(cè)試”這篇文章的所有內(nèi)容,感謝各位的閱讀!相信大家都有了一定的了解,希望分享的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家有所幫助,如果還想學(xué)習(xí)更多知識(shí),歡迎關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)-成都網(wǎng)站建設(shè)公司行業(yè)資訊頻道!
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