Oracle監(jiān)聽的靜態(tài)注冊和動態(tài)注冊-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)

靜態(tài)注冊：通過解析listene.ora文件

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動態(tài)注冊：由PMON進程動態(tài)注冊至監(jiān)聽中

在沒有l(wèi)istener.ora配置文件的情況下，如果啟動監(jiān)聽，則監(jiān)聽為動態(tài)注冊。用圖形化netca創(chuàng)建的監(jiān)聽，默認(rèn)也為動態(tài)注冊

1.靜態(tài)注冊

listener.ora文件，監(jiān)聽的配置文件，靜態(tài)注冊讀取該文件，動態(tài)注冊，不必要

可以通過netca工具創(chuàng)建，也可以手動編輯。典型的listener.ora文件內(nèi)容：

LISTENER_PHAMR =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = phamrdb1-vip)(PORT = 1521))
)

SID_LIST_LISTENER_PHALR =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = phalr)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/11.2.0)
      (SID_NAME = phalr)
    )
)

listener.ora文件兩大模塊：

LISTENER模塊：監(jiān)聽名字、連接協(xié)議、監(jiān)聽主機、監(jiān)聽端口等基本配置信息

SID_LIST_LISTENER模塊：配置監(jiān)聽的靜態(tài)注冊特性，包含數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)名、ORACLE_HOME、實例名等信息。

注意：SID_NAME，就是數(shù)據(jù)庫實例名，在Linux環(huán)境大小寫敏感

GLOBAL_DBNAME就是數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)名,可以省略，默認(rèn)和SID_NAME保持一致，也可以不一致。

ORACLE_HOME，默認(rèn)和$ORACLE_HOME環(huán)境變量保持一致。Windows，該參數(shù)無效，取自注冊表。

靜態(tài)注冊，監(jiān)聽不知道實例的具體狀態(tài)，所以監(jiān)聽啟動之初查看實例信息，其狀態(tài)信息顯示為UNKNOWN.例如：

oracle@phamrdb1: /home/oracle> lsnrctl status LISTENER_PHAMR

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 17:17:37

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=phamrdb1-vip)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_PHAMR
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                01-OCT-2016 14:12:51
Uptime                    47 days 3 hr. 4 min. 45 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/phamrdb1/listener_phamr/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.178.1.64)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "phamr" has 1 instance(s).     監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)中的服務(wù)名
Instance "phamr", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)中的實例名
The command completed successfully

2，動態(tài)注冊
在動態(tài)注冊監(jiān)聽的環(huán)境中，listener.ora文件可以不包括當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫的實例信息，所以這個文件不必要。

實例啟動時，會由Oracle PMON進程將數(shù)據(jù)庫實例信息動態(tài)注冊至監(jiān)聽上。

當(dāng)Oracle實例關(guān)閉時，會再次由PMON進程自動從監(jiān)聽里面撤銷當(dāng)前實例信息。

所以，要實現(xiàn)動態(tài)注冊，數(shù)據(jù)庫的實例至少要處于nomount狀態(tài)

監(jiān)聽動態(tài)注冊時的實例狀態(tài)：來自PMON進程動態(tài)注冊時的實例狀態(tài)，一般有3種狀態(tài)：READY、BLOCKED和RESTRICED

READY：表示數(shù)據(jù)庫實例已經(jīng)處于mount或者open狀態(tài)，可以接受客戶端連接

BLOCKED：表示數(shù)據(jù)庫實例還處于nomount狀態(tài)或者該實例類型為ASM實例，不接受客戶端連接，如果這時候客戶端去連

接數(shù)據(jù)庫會報ora-12528錯誤

RESTRICED：表示數(shù)據(jù)庫處于RESTRICED模式，不接受普通權(quán)限的遠程客戶端連接，如果這時候客戶端去連接數(shù)據(jù)庫會報

ora-12526錯誤

oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 16:01:43

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                17-NOV-2016 15:57:23
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 4 min. 19 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "FSDATA" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "FSDATAXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 15:58:47

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                17-NOV-2016 15:57:23
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 23 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "FSDATA" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "FSDATA", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

實例既可以動態(tài)注冊，同時靜態(tài)注冊，狀態(tài)分別顯示為READY和UNKNOWN

oracle@fsdata: /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin> lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 17:50:14

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                17-NOV-2016 15:57:23
Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 52 min. 50 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/fsdata/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=fsdata)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "FSDATA" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "FSDATA", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "FSDATAXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "FSDATA", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

3.監(jiān)聽的常用命令

lsnrctl start [listener_name]

lsnrctl stop [listener_name]

lsnrctl status [listener_name]

lsnrctl service [listener_name]

lsnrctl reload [listener_name]

4.監(jiān)聽的別名

監(jiān)聽默認(rèn)名字是LISTENER，可以配置別名

oracle@fsdata: /dump> ps -ef | grep tnslsnr | grep -v grep
oracle 29598 1 0 15:57 ? 00:00:00 /oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit

oracle@phamrdb1: /home/oracle> ps -ef | grep tnslsnr| grep -v grep
oracle 38300 1 0 Oct01 ? 06:21:54 /oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_PHAMR –inherit

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Oracle監(jiān)聽的靜態(tài)注冊和動態(tài)注冊-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)