背景介紹
公司專注于為企業(yè)提供做網(wǎng)站、網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、微信公眾號開發(fā)、電子商務(wù)商城網(wǎng)站建設(shè),成都小程序開發(fā),軟件按需搭建網(wǎng)站等一站式互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)服務(wù)。憑借多年豐富的經(jīng)驗,我們會仔細(xì)了解各客戶的需求而做出多方面的分析、設(shè)計、整合,為客戶設(shè)計出具風(fēng)格及創(chuàng)意性的商業(yè)解決方案,創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)更提供一系列網(wǎng)站制作和網(wǎng)站推廣的服務(wù)。
我們都知道一臺服務(wù)器能提供的資源是有限的,如果想打破這個限制,只有兩個辦法,一個是購買硬件,提升服務(wù)器性能,但是性價比過高,而第二種方法這則是,使用集群軟件讓兩臺服務(wù)器處理一個服務(wù)的不同請求,分帶單臺服務(wù)器的負(fù)載,從而提升性能,實現(xiàn)這一的軟件開源著名的有Nginx或者Lvs,這里我們使用的是LVS,但是lvs需要一個調(diào)度服務(wù)器,這樣調(diào)度服務(wù)器就是一個集訓(xùn)的單點故障,一旦調(diào)度服務(wù)器出現(xiàn)故障,整個集群便崩潰,所以我們需要兩臺調(diào)度節(jié)點,一旦一個調(diào)度節(jié)點損壞,那么另一臺調(diào)度節(jié)點開始工作,這里我們使用Keepalived開源軟件實現(xiàn)調(diào)度器的高可用。
邏輯圖介紹
1.用戶在訪問Nginx的時候,先通過VIP訪問Master1,由Master指定那個real-server提供服務(wù)
2.在Master通過lvs-Dr指定的算法選定由Nginx1來提供服務(wù),那么數(shù)據(jù)在通過VIP發(fā)送到Nginx1上
3.Nginx處理完請求后,在通過自身的VIP將處理后的請求直接發(fā)送給User
注明:
如果Master出現(xiàn)故障,那么Baskup將替代Master工作
如果Nginx1出現(xiàn)故障,那么Nginx2將提點Nginx1工作
如果Nginx1沒有出現(xiàn)故障,那么LVS服務(wù)使用算法會將請求平均到Nginx1和Nginx2上
如果兩臺Nginx同時出現(xiàn)故障,那么Master會提供Sorry Server服務(wù)
物理拓?fù)鋱D及環(huán)境介紹
服務(wù)器:使用虛擬機(jī)虛擬4套服務(wù)器
操作系統(tǒng):CentOS7.3
HA軟件/LVs軟件:keepalived
Web軟件:Nginx
IP及主機(jī)名配置
VIP:172.18.17.30
Master:
主機(jī)名:shiyan7.one
IP地址:172.18.17.31
Backup
主機(jī)名:shiyan7.fore
IP地址:172.18.17.34
Nginx1
主機(jī)名:shiyan7.two
IP地址:172.18.17.34
Nginx2
主機(jī)名:shiyan7.thy
IP地址:172.18.17.34
4臺服務(wù)器初始化配置
同步時間服務(wù)
#Master配置NTP服務(wù)器 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/ntp.conf restrict 172.18.17.0 mask 255.255.0.0 nomodify notrap server 127.127.1.0 fudge 127.1.1.0 stratum 8 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ntpdate 172.18.17.31
關(guān)閉Selinux
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled
關(guān)閉防火墻
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl disable firewalld [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# iptables -F
主機(jī)名解析配置
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 172.18.17.34 shiyan.fore 172.18.17.31 shiyan.one 172.18.17.32 shiyan7.two 172.18.17.33 shiyan7.thy
Master/Backup初始化配置
安裝KeepAlived、Nginx軟件
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# yum install keepalived nginx ipvsadm
Nginx1/2初始化配置
安裝Nginx軟件
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# yum install nginx #這里配置一個配置VIP及更改內(nèi)核參數(shù)的腳本。 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# touch roush.sh [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# chmod +x roush.sh [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim roush.sh #!/bin/bash # vip="172.18.17.30" netmask="255.255.255.255" iface="lo:0" case $1 in start) echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce ifconfig $iface $vip netmask $netmask broadcast $vip up route add -host $vip dev $iface ;; stop) ifconfig $iface down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce ;; esac
Ngxin1配置
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ./roush.sh start [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# mkdir /app/nginx/html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# echo "<h2>RS1:172.18.17.32</h2>" > /app/nginx/html/index.html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx/conf{,.bak}#備份原文件 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx/conf server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /app/nginx/html;#修改root這里的路徑,其他不需要 # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl start nginx #測試Nginx服務(wù) [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.33 <h2>RS1:172.18.17.33</h2>
Ngxin2配置
[root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ./roush.sh start [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# mkdir /app/nginx/html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# echo "<h2>RS1:172.18.17.33</h2>" > /app/nginx/html/index.html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx/conf{,.bak}#備份原文件 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx/conf server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /app/nginx/html;#修改root這里的路徑,其他不需要 # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl start nginx #測試Nginx服務(wù) [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.34 <h2>RS1:172.18.17.34</h2>
Master上的配置
#配置Nginx1-Sorry Server [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# mkdir /app/nginx/html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# echo "Sorry server-1" > /app/nginx/html/index.html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx/conf{,.bak}#備份原文件 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx/conf server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /app/nginx/html;#修改root這里的路徑,其他不需要 # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl start nginx #測試Nginx1-Sorry Server [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.31 Sorry server-1 #配置Keepalived服務(wù) [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf{,.bak} [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf vrrp_instance Ha_1 { state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 172.18.17.30/16 dev ens33 } } virtual_server 172.18.17.30 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo lc lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP sorry_server 172.18.17.31 80 real_server 172.18.17.32 80 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path / status_code 200 } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 172.18.17.33 80 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path / status_code 200 } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]#systemctl start keepalived #查看配置是否成功 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ip a l 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1b:f5:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.18.17.31/16 brd 172.18.255.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 172.18.17.30/16 scope global secondary ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ipvsadm -ln IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 172.18.17.30:80 lc persistent 50 -> 172.18.17.32:80 Route 1 0 0 -> 172.18.17.33:80 Route 1 0 0
Backup上的配置
#配置Nginx1-Sorry Server [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# mkdir /app/nginx/html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# echo "Sorry server-2" > /app/nginx/html/index.html [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx/conf{,.bak}#備份原文件 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx/conf server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /app/nginx/html;#修改root這里的路徑,其他不需要 # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# systemctl start nginx #測試Nginx1-Sorry Server [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.34 Sorry server-2 #配置Keepalived服務(wù) [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf{,.bak} [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf vrrp_instance Ha_1 { state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 172.18.17.30/16 dev ens33 } } virtual_server 172.18.17.30 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo lc lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP sorry_server 172.18.17.32 80 real_server 172.18.17.32 80 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path / status_code 200 } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 172.18.17.33 80 { weight 1 HTTP_GET { url { path / status_code 200 } connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } [root@shiyan7 ~ ]#systemctl start keepalived [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ip a l 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1b:f5:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.18.17.34/16 brd 172.18.255.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever #這里是Baskup服務(wù)所以不會有VIP地址 [root@shiyan7 ~ ]# ipvsadm -ln IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 172.18.17.30:80 lc persistent 50 -> 172.18.17.32:80 Route 1 0 0 -> 172.18.17.33:80 Route 1 0 0
測試服務(wù)
#正常測試 [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.30 <h2>RS1:172.18.17.32</h2> [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.30 <h2>RS1:172.18.17.34</h2> #關(guān)閉Nginx1測試 [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.30 <h2>RS1:172.18.17.33</h2> #關(guān)閉所有Nginx服務(wù)測試 [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.30 Sorry server-1 #關(guān)閉Master測試 [root@yum ~ ]# curl http://172.18.17.30 Sorry server-2
當(dāng)前文章:CentosKeepalived-Ha集群+Lvs-DR+Nginx集群配置
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