nagios簡(jiǎn)介:　Nagios是一款開(kāi)源的電腦系統(tǒng)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)視工具，能有效監(jiān)控Windows、Linux和Unix的主機(jī)狀態(tài)，交換機(jī)路由器等網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置，打印機(jī)等。在系統(tǒng)或服務(wù)狀態(tài)異常時(shí)發(fā)出郵件或短信報(bào)警第一時(shí)間通知網(wǎng)站運(yùn)維人員，在狀態(tài)恢復(fù)后發(fā)出正常的郵件或短信通知。
以下主機(jī)所用系統(tǒng)為紅帽6.5

nagios的安裝：

在server2.example.com這臺(tái)主機(jī)中：

主機(jī)ip為172.25.254.2

關(guān)閉防火墻和selinux

nagios從官網(wǎng)下載所需要的源碼包和插件包。

這里用的源碼包是 nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2插件包是 nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz

yum install gcc gd-devel                                        #安裝所需的編譯環(huán)境

yum install httpd                                                     ＃要通過(guò)apache訪(fǎng)問(wèn)

tar jxf nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2                               #解壓源碼包

cd nagios-cn-3.2.3

useradd  -M -d /usr/local/nagios  nagios             #創(chuàng)建nagios用戶(hù)

groupadd nagcmd                                                  #創(chuàng)建可以通過(guò)web提交外部命令的組

usermod -G nagcmd  nagios

usermod -G nagcmd  apache                               #將apache和nagios加入這個(gè)組

./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd     #配置編譯環(huán)境指定組為nagcmd

make  all                                                                 #將源碼包編譯成可執(zhí)行的二進(jìn)制文件

make install                                                             #安裝

makeinstall-init                                                       #安裝啟動(dòng)腳本                             

make install-config                                                 #安裝簡(jiǎn)單的配置文件

make install-webconf                                            #安裝簡(jiǎn)單的web配置文件

make install-commandmode 

htpasswd/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin      ＃設(shè)定nagios登錄的用戶(hù)密碼

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg   ＃檢查配置正確性

/etc/init.d/nagios start                                            ＃啟動(dòng)nagios

/etc/init.d/httpdstart                                               ＃啟動(dòng)apache
我們可以用web登錄測(cè)試一下如圖表示成功：

站在用戶(hù)的角度思考問(wèn)題，與客戶(hù)深入溝通，找到羅田網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)與羅田網(wǎng)站推廣的解決方案，憑借多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓設(shè)計(jì)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造個(gè)性化、用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)好的作品，建站類(lèi)型包括：成都網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)、企業(yè)官網(wǎng)、英文網(wǎng)站、手機(jī)端網(wǎng)站、網(wǎng)站推廣、域名與空間、雅安服務(wù)器托管、企業(yè)郵箱。業(yè)務(wù)覆蓋羅田地區(qū)。

接下來(lái)安裝插件

 tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz                     ＃解壓插件包

cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1

./configure



--with-MySQL和--with-openssl顯示no表明沒(méi)有之后所需的mysql-devle和openssl-devel開(kāi)發(fā)包：

yum installmysql-devel openssl-devel -y                 

./configure             ＃再次配置

make all

make install

cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/        ＃nagiox插件所在目錄

chown nagios.nagios . -R            ＃將這個(gè)目錄下的文件都改成nagios所有組和所有用戶(hù)

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  ＃檢查配置

/etc/init.d/nagios reload                                         #重新加載nagios
如圖顯示插件成功：



接著是配置屬于自己的nagios
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/                                                                   

在nagios.cfg中

    cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg     

＃指定host.cfg文件用來(lái)指定被監(jiān)控的主機(jī)地址以及相關(guān)屬性信息

   cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

＃指定services.cfg文件用于定義監(jiān)控的服務(wù)和主機(jī)資源

    #cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

＃取消示例

cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/

       cp localhost.cfg hosts.cfg -p

       cp localhost.cfg services.cfg -p

通過(guò)示例來(lái)配置hosts.cfg和services.cfg文件

在hosts.cfg中因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)只監(jiān)控本機(jī)一臺(tái)主機(jī)所以只保留：

                 

                definehost{
                    use                     linux-server
                    host_name               server2.example.com
                    alias                   Manager
                    address                 172.25.254.2
                    icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif
                    statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2
                    2d_coords               500,200
                    3d_coords               500,200,100
                    }


            define hostgroup{
            hostgroup_name  linux-servers
            alias           Linux Servers
            members         *
              }
在services.cfg中因?yàn)橹患O(jiān)控一臺(tái)主機(jī)所以只寫(xiě)一個(gè)服務(wù)組

                define servicegroup{
               servicegroup_name 系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷檢查
                alias 負(fù)荷檢查
                members server2.example.com,進(jìn)程總數(shù),server2.example.com用戶(hù)登錄                                          數(shù),server2.example.com,根分區(qū),server2.example.com,交換空間利用率
               }

    監(jiān)控ping的情況

            defineservice{   
                    use                             local-service       
                    host_name                       *
                    service_description             PING
                    check_command                   check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
                    }

     監(jiān)控硬盤(pán)情況

              defineservice{
                   use                             local-service       
                    host_name                       server2.example.com
                    service_description             根分區(qū)
                    check_command                   check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
                   }

     監(jiān)控登錄用戶(hù)數(shù)

            defineservice{
                use                             local-service       
               host_name                      server2.example.com
                service_description             登錄用戶(hù)數(shù)
                check_command                   check_local_users!20!50
               }
      監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷

          define service{
                use                             local-service       
                host_name                       server2.example.com
               service_description             系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷
                check_command                   check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0
                }

        監(jiān)控進(jìn)程總數(shù)

            defineservice{
                use                             local-service       
                host_name                       server2.example.com
                service_description             進(jìn)程總數(shù)
               check_command                  check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT
                }
        監(jiān)控交換空間利用率

                define service{
                use                             local-service       
                host_name                       server2.example.com
                service_description             交換空間利用率
                check_command                   check_local_swap!20!10
               }

        監(jiān)控ssh情況

                define service{
                    use                             local-service       
                   host_name                      server2.example.com
                   service_description             SSH
                   check_command                  check_tcp!22!1.0!10.0
                    notifications_enabled           0
                    }
          監(jiān)控apache

                    defineservice{
                   use                             local-service       
                   host_name                      server2.example.com
                   service_description            HTTP
                   check_command                  check_http
                  notifications_enabled           0
                    }

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  ＃檢查配置

/etc/init.d/nagios reload                                                                     #重新加載nagios
如圖顯示本機(jī)的監(jiān)控成功

在server3.example.com主機(jī)中：

ip為172.25.254.3

關(guān)閉防火墻和selinux

yum install mysql-server                                                                   #安裝mysql服務(wù)

/etc/init.d/mysqld start                                                                       ＃啟動(dòng)mysql

mysql_secure_installation                                                               #設(shè)置mysql root用戶(hù)密碼

mysql -p                                                                                              ＃用root用戶(hù)進(jìn)入mysql

create database nagdb                                                                        #創(chuàng)建nagdb庫(kù)

 grant select on nagdb.* tonagios@172.25.254.2 identified by 'nagios'

＃給遠(yuǎn)程用戶(hù)nagios查看nagdb的權(quán)力并設(shè)定密碼為nagios

在server2.example.com中

cd    /usr/local/nagios/libexec

./check_mysql -H 172.25.254.3 -unagios -pnagios

出現(xiàn)如圖畫(huà)面nagix可以監(jiān)控在server3.example.com中創(chuàng)建的mysql庫(kù)

cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

在 commands.cfg 中添加監(jiān)控mysql的命令

        # 'check_mysql' command definition   
            definecommand{
               command_name   check_mysql
                command_line   $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u $ARG1$ -p $ARG2$
                }
在services.cfg中添加監(jiān)控mysql

     ##########################check_mysql
                   define service{
                      use                             local-service        
                        host_name                       server3.example.com
                       service_description             MYSQL
                        check_command                   check_mysql!nagios!nagios
                        notifications_enabled           0
                        }

在hosts.cfg中添加

         define host{
               use                    linux-server
                host_name               server3.example.com
                alias                   Manager
                parents                 server2.example.com
                address                 172.25.254.3
               icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif
                statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2
                2d_coords               400,100
                3d_coords               400,100,100
            }

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  ＃檢查配置

/etc/init.d/nagios reload                                                                     #重新加載nagios

如圖表示成功檢測(cè)server3主機(jī)上的mysql


nrpe安裝使nagios監(jiān)控多臺(tái)主機(jī)的情況

tar zxfnrpe-2.15.tar.gz                                                                       ＃解壓nrpe包

tar zxf  nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz                     ＃解壓插件包

yum install mysql-devel openssl-devel -y

useradd  -M -d /usr/local/nagios  nagios             #創(chuàng)建nagios用戶(hù)

yum install gcc

cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1

./configure

make all

make install

cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/        ＃nagiox插件所在目錄

chown nagios.nagios . -R            ＃將這個(gè)目錄下的文件都改成nagios所有組和所有用戶(hù)

yum install xinetd

cd /root/nrpe-2.15                            #nrpe-2.15.tar.gz解壓目錄

./configure

make all

make install

make install-plugin
make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

make install-xinetd

vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe                     #設(shè)定監(jiān)控主機(jī)為172.25.254.2

        only_from       = 172.25.254.2

vim /etc/services

     nrpe   5666/tcp                           #nrpe的5666端口

/etc/init.d/xinetd start                     ＃開(kāi)啟xinetd

cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/

vim nrpe.cfg          

將command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1改為

command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p/  ＃監(jiān)控根分區(qū)

/etc/init.d/xinetdrestart                  ＃重啟xinetd服務(wù)

cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/    

 scp  check_nrpe 172.25.254.2:/usr/local/nagios/libexec/ 將check_nrpe傳到server2.exampl.com主機(jī)中   在server2.example.com中

cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

chown nagios.nagios  check_nrpe     #將check_nrpe所有人和所有組改為nagios3

./chek_nrpe  -H  172.25.254.3              #檢測(cè)nrpe是否可用成功顯示nrpe版本號(hào)

cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objcts/

在 commands.cfg 中添加check_nrpe的命令

        # 'check_nrpe' commanddefinition  
            define command{
                command_name    check_nrpe
                command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c$ARG1$
                }

在services.cfg中添加

        define service{
        use                             local-service        
        host_name                       server3.example.com
        service_description             根分區(qū)
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_disk
        }
define service{
        use                             local-service        
        host_name                       server3.example.com
        service_description             登錄用戶(hù)數(shù)
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_users
        }
監(jiān)控根分區(qū)和登錄人數(shù)

  /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  ＃檢查配置

/etc/init.d/nagios reload                                                                     #重新加載nagios

在server3.example.com中重啟xinet.d服務(wù)

如圖可見(jiàn)監(jiān)控成功

         

nagios的110云報(bào)警
到onealter官網(wǎng)下載所用的軟件包這里用的是
alert-agent-4.1.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
在onealter網(wǎng)頁(yè)添加nagios應(yīng)用


獲取應(yīng)用key

在server2.example.com主機(jī)中：
tar zxf alert-agent-4.1.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz  
cp -R alert-agent /usr/local/nagios/libexec/  #將解壓好的包放入nagios插件目錄中
cp alert-agent/plugin/nagios-plugin/nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
chmod +x /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagios
cp alert-agent/plugin/nagios-plugin/110monitor.cfg/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/   #將110配置文件放入nagios配置文件目錄
在110monitor.cfg文件中添加Key：



修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg，新增110monitor到默認(rèn)聯(lián)系組
    define contactgroup{
    contactgroup_name       admins
    alias                   Nagios Administrators
    members                 nagiosadmin,110monitor
    }  
修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg，將110monitor.cfg新增到nagios.cfg中
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/110monitor.cfg
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  ＃檢查配置

/etc/init.d/nagios   reload     #重新加載nagios


用ganglia監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)性能：
   Ganglia是UCBerkeley發(fā)起的一個(gè)開(kāi)源集群監(jiān)視項(xiàng)目，設(shè)計(jì)用于測(cè)量數(shù)以千計(jì)的節(jié)點(diǎn)。Ganglia的核心包含gmond、gmetad以及一個(gè)Web前端。主要是用來(lái)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)性能，如：cpu 、mem、硬盤(pán)利用率， I/O負(fù)載、網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量情況等，通過(guò)曲線(xiàn)很容易見(jiàn)到每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的工作狀態(tài)，對(duì)合理調(diào)整、分配系統(tǒng)資源，提高系統(tǒng)整體性能起到重要作用。
ganlia的安裝：
在server2.exampl.com中

yum instll rpm-build
yum install -y libart_lgpl_devel  autoconf automake  libtool pcre-develexpat-devel rrdtool-devel-1.3.8-6.e16.x86_64  
yum install ibconfuse-2.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libconfuse-devel-2.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
#安裝軟件包依賴(lài)性

rpmbuild -tb ganglia-3.3.7.tar.gz #將源碼包編下譯成二進(jìn)制可執(zhí)行文件
rpmbuild -tb ganglia-web-3.4.2.tar.gz
cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64 
rpm -ivh *                     #安裝此目錄下生成的所有rpm包
其中g(shù)anglia-gmond-3.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm ganglia-gmond-modules-python-3.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm  libganglia-3.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm三個(gè)包是客戶(hù)端所需的
cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch 
yum install php-gd php -y
rpm -ivh ganglia-web-3.4.2-1.noarch.rpm             #安裝此目錄下需要解決依賴(lài)性的包
vim /etc/ganglia/gmetad.conf      #進(jìn)入gmetad.conf中更改cluster名
   cluster {
    name = "hello cluster"
    owner = "unspecified"
    latlong = "unspecified"
    url = "unspecified"解決
    }
進(jìn)入gmond.conf中更改為相同的名字
/etc/init.d/gmetad start
/etc/init.d/gmond start          #啟動(dòng)ganglia服務(wù)端和客戶(hù)端
此時(shí)可以登陸http:server2.example.com/gweb測(cè)試以下

集成nagios報(bào)告ganglia指標(biāo)
 tar zxf ganglia-3.4.0.tar.gz
cp /root/ganglia-3.4.0/contrib/check_ganglia.py /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
vim vim /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ganglia.py


配置nagios
vim usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
        define command {
          command_name check_ganglia
          command_line $USER1$/check_ganglia.py -h$HOSTNAME$ -m $ARG1$ -w $ARG2$ -c $ARG3$
        }
vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
    define service {
     use generic-service
     name ganglia-service
          hostgroup_name ganglia-servers
          service_groups ganglia-metrics
         }                     #配置ganglia模版
vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg   #添加用戶(hù)和用戶(hù)組
   define host {
    use linux-server
    host_name  server4.example.com
    address 172.25.254.4
    }
define hostgroup {
    hostgroup_name ganglia-servers
    alias ganglia-servers
    members server4.example.com
}
vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg #設(shè)置監(jiān)控的服務(wù)和資源
     define servicegroup {
    servicegroup_name ganglia-metrics
    alias ganglia-metrics
    }
      define service{
    use ganglia-service
    service_description  根分區(qū)空閑百分比
    check_commandcheck_ganglia!disk_free_percent_rootfs!20!10
    }
define service{
    use           ganglia-service
    service_description  每分鐘系統(tǒng)負(fù)載
    check_command          check_ganglia!load_one!4!5
}
define service{
    use                ganglia-service
    service_desc       內(nèi)存空閑
    check_command      check_ganglia!mem_free!50000!30000   
    }


/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #檢測(cè)配置
/etc/init.d/nagios reload               #重新加載nagios

文章標(biāo)題：nagios的配置
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